Torah

[1 - 80]    [161 - 240]    [241 - 320]    [321 - 400]    [401 - 480]    [481 - 558]

Commandments 81 - 160

Note:  Commandment numbers relating to Israel appear as NN.  Those relating to the Temple appear as NN.

Commandment

Verse

81   You shall return your enemy's stray ox or ass to him.

              The “you” is singular.  If any Jew finds a stray ox or ass (or any beast of burden)

              belonging to one who is his enemy, he shall return the animal to its owner.

Exod. 23:4

82   You shall help with a burdened ox or ass of one who hates you.

              The two instances of “you” are singular. If any Jew encounters a troubled heavily laden ox or ass

              (or any beast of burden) belonging to one who hates him, he shall help in any way he can.

Exod. 23:5

83   You shall not pervert justice of your poor in their cause [as a judge].

              The “you” and “your” are singular. A Jewish judge shall not be unjust to a poor Jew.

Exod. 23:6

84  You shall avoid a fraudulent matter [as a judge].

              The “you” is singular. A Jewish judge shall not become involved in a matter he know or

              believes to be fraudulent.

Exod. 23:7

85   You shall not slay an innocent or righteous one [as a judge].

              The “you” is singular.  A Jewish judge shall not find a Jew guilty of a capital

              crime if he knows or believes he is innocent.

Exod. 23:7

86   You shall not accept a gift [as a judge].

             The “you” is singular.  A Jewish judge shall not accept a gift of any kind from anyone.

Exod. 23:8

87   After six years of working your field, vineyard, and olive yard, you shall

        let them lie fallow during the seventh year.

              The “you” is singular.  If you are a Jewish farmer or vintner, you shall neither cultivate nor harvest

              a crop in the Sabbath year.

Exod. 23:10,11

88   You shall allow the poor and the animals to eat what is left over.

              The “you” is singular.  The community or any group shall not prevent the poor and any animals

              from eating the produce that grows wildly during the Sabbath year.

Exod. 23:10

89   You shall not mention the name of other gods.

              The “you” is plural.  No Jew shall utter the name of any god of the pagans.  This

              has to refer only to one’s prayers.  Otherwise it would be virtually impossible to

              fulfill this commandment for many Jews, especially for clergy and scholars.

Exod. 23:13

90   Each year you shall hold the festivals of (Passover,) Shavuoth, and Succoth.

              The “you” is singular.  Every Jew who is able shall observe the festival of Shavuoth and Succoth.

              The commandment for Passover has already been included in Commandment 8, Exod. 12:16.

Exod. 23:14,16

91   Each of your males shall appear before the Lord at these festivals.

              The “you” is singular.  Every Jew who is able shall come to the Tabernacle/Temple for

              Passover, Succoth, and Shavuoth.

Exod. 23:17

92   You shall not offer the blood of a sacrifice with leavened bread.

Exod. 23:18

93   The fat of a sacrificeshall not lay all night until the morning.

Exod. 23:18

94   You shall bring the choicest of the first fruits of your land to the tent of

       meeting/Temple.

              The “you” is singular.  Every Jew who is able shall bring his first fruit offering to the Priests

Exod. 23:19

95   You shall not cook a kid with the milk of its mother.

              The “you” is singular.  Any Jew who cooks a kid shall not cook it with the milk

              of its mother.  I believe this verse does not mean that milk and meat must be

              separated.  See my discussion of this verse at Rubinspace,org.

Exod. 23:19

96    You shall make no covenant regarding the inhabitants of the promised

         land or their gods.

              The “you” is singular.  The nation of Israel shall not make any kind of agreement with the

              pagan residents of the land of Israel or with their gods.      [Return to Commandment 402]

Exod. 23:32

97   Let them not dwell in your land.

              The implied you is singular.  The nation of Israel shall not allow any pagans to

              remain in the land (unless they can convert to Judaism).

Exod. 23:33

98   You shall set the show bread continually on the table.

              I have paraphrased this verse to a minor extent to make it simpler than the

              Hebrew.  It is the High Priest to whom this commandment is intended.

Exod. 25:30

99   You shall bring pure beaten olive oil to the priests for the perpetual lamp

        of the holy place.

              I have also paraphrased this verse to a minor extent to make it simpler than

              the Hebrew.  Any Jew who is able shall bring the oil to the priests.  The holy

              place is the room in front of the veil of the ark.  Only the High Priest may enter

              it.  It contains the candelabra, the incense altar, and the table of showbread.

Exod. 27:20

100   The High Priest shall keep the lamp lit throughout every night.

Exod. 27:21

101   The High Priest shall wear the holy garments on coming in to

          minister in the holy places.

Exod. 28:43

102   The heave offering from the peace offerings shall be an everlasting due for

          Aaron and his first-born male descendants.

              From an examination of Exod. 29:29 and 29:30 it is clear that the heave offering is only for future

              High Priests, not for all of Aaron’s sons.

Exod. 29:28

103  The High Priests after Aaron shall wear the holy garments for seven days

          before ministering in the holy place.

Exod. 29:30

104   A burnt offering shall be offered at the entrance of the tent of meeting

          /Temple every day throughout your generations.

              The “your” is plural.  Each individual must bring a burnt offering every day.  Today that means a

              prayer or a gift.

Exod. 29:42

105   The High Priest shall burn incense every morning and evening

           throughout the generations.

Exod. 30:7, 8

106   You shall not offer anything but holy incense on the incense altar.

              The “you” is plural.  This verse is addressed to each of the priests

Exod. 30:9

107   The High Priest shall make atonement on the horns of the incense altar

           once a year.

              This is to be done on the day of atonement, Yom Kippur.

Exod. 30:9

108   The High Priest shall wash himself and his hands and feet before entering

          the Tabernacle/Temple.

              The washing is to be done at the entrance to the Tabernacle (or the

              Temple).

Exod. 30:20, 21

109   The priests shall wash themselves and their hands and feet before

          entering the courtyard.

Exod. 30:20, 21

110   You shall not pour the holy anointing oil on the flesh of any other than that

          of priests.

              The “you” is plural.  This verse is addressed to each of the priests.

Exod. 30:32

111  You shall not make an oil using the ingredients of the holy anointing oil.

              The “you” is plural.  This verse is addressed to each of the priests and

              each of the people.

Exod. 30:32

112   Anyone compounding something like the holy anointing oil or putting it

          on a stranger shall be cut off from his people.

              The phrase “cut off from his people” appears frequently in the Torah.  No one can be sure of

              what it means.  Consensus has it to mean that the individual is no longer part of the Jewish

              congregation.  Here’s my thought on it.  We are also told in the Torah that when someone dies

              he is bound up with his ancestors.  Then the phrase in question may mean that this doesn’t

              happen when the individual dies.  The reason I believe this has to do with the phrase “his

              people” at the end of the verse.  If the scholars are right, wouldn’t the phrase be either

              “the people” or the “Jewish people?”   Why “his people?”

Exod. 30:33

113   You shall make no incense like the holy incense of the tent of meeting.

              The “you” is plural.  This verse is addressed to each of the priests.

Exod. 30:37

114   Anyone duplicating the holy incense for his enjoyment shall be cut off

         from his people.

              See my explanation of Commandment 110 above.

Exod. 30:38

115  Whoever profanes the Sabbath shall surely die.

              As with all mortal sins this has to be determined by a judge, a court (or a priest)

              on the testimony of two trusted witnesses.

Exod. 31:14

116   You shall not kindle a fire in all of your habitations on the Sabbath.

              I believe this verse is not a commandment.  I believe it was uttered by Moses regarding a

              temporary condition.  For more on this see my discussion at rubinspace.org.

Exod. 35:3

117   The procedures for a burnt offering shall be followed.

               This verse and the next two are directed to the priests.

Levi. 1:3-17

118   The procedures for a meal offering shall be followed.    [Return to Comm. 287]

Levi. 2:1-16

119   The procedures for a peace offering shall be followed.

Levi. 3:1-16

120   You shall not eat the fat or blood of an animal that could have been offered

          to the Lord.

               The “you” in this verse is plural.  In the verse’s context it would appear to be only for the

               priests and Levites.  However, there is no reason it should not apply to all of us.

               Therefore, I conclude that it is a measure for all Jews.  This means that the fat or blood of any

               kosher animal is not to be eaten.

Lev 3:17

121   The procedures for a sin offering shall be followed.

Lev 4:2-35

122   One who does not testify as a witness shall bear his iniquity and must

          confess his sin.

               This means that a potential witness refuses to testify, he must bring at least a sin

               offering to the priest and explain why he is bringing the offering.

Lev 5:1

123   One who comes in contact with an unclean thing, knowingly or not,

          shall be unclean and guilty.

               This means that someone who becomes unclean by coming in contact with an unclean

               thing must bring a guilt offering to the priest when he becomes clean.

Lev 5:2

124   One who comes in contact with the uncleanness of a man, once he learns

           of it, shall be guilty.

               This means that someone who becomes unclean by coming in contact with an unclean

               person must bring a guilt offering (see also commandments 128 and 129 below) to the

               priest when he becomes clean.

Lev 5:3

125   One who swears rashly or speaks an oath of which he is  unaware, when

          he knows it, he shall be guilty.

               This means that someone who swears inappropriately or speaks an oath must bring a

               guilt offering to the priest when he becomes aware of it.

Lev 5:4

126   One who is guilty of any of these shall confess his sin.

               To a priest, the receiver of confessions.

Lev 5:5

127   He shall bring a female lamb or kid for a sin offering.

Lev 5:6

128    If he cannot afford these, he shall bring two turtle doves or young

          pigeons, one for a sin offering, one for a burnt offering.

Lev 5:7

129   The procedures for the turtle dove or pigeon offerings shall be

          observed.  

Lev 5:8-10

130    If he cannot afford these, he shall bring a sin offering of a tenth of an

          ephah of fine flour.

Lev 5:11

131   The procedures for the meal offering shall be followed. 

Lev 5:11-13

132   The procedures for one who sins among the holy things of the Lord shall

          be followed.

Lev 5:15,16

133   The procedures for one who violates a negative commandment, knowingly

          or not, shall be followed.

               Of course, if unknowingly, these procedures are to be followed once he discovers his violation.

Lev 5:17-19

134   The procedures for one who deals and swears falsely regarding something

          deposited, or in pledge, in a robbery, or by oppression, shall be followed.

Lev 5:21-26

135   The law of the burnt offering shall be followed.

Lev 6:2-6

136   The law of the meal offering shall be followed.

Lev 6:7-11

137   The procedure for the meal offering on the day of anointing the High Priest

          shall be followed.

Lev 6:13-16

138   The law of the sin offering shall be followed..

Lev 6:18-23

139   The law of the guilt offering shall be followed.

Lev 7:1-7

140   The law of the peace offering shall be followed

Lev 7:12-21

141   The soul of one who eats blood shall be cut off from its people.

               So far we’ve seen the phrase cut off from his people.  Here we have a slightly different phrase

               referring to the soul, the soul being cut off form its people.  What can this mean?  Obviously, it

               can’t mean that the soul is cut off from the congregation.  The only plausible meaning is that the

               soul is isolated when the person dies.

Lev 7:27

142   The breast of waving and the thigh of heaving shall be taken from the peace

          offerings and are for the priests.

Lev 7:29-33

143   No priest shall drink wine or strong drink on or before entering the tent of

          meeting (or the Temple).

Lev 10:9

144   Only animals with wholly cloven hooves and chewing the cud may be eaten.

Lev 11:3

145   Animals with only cloven hooves or only chewing the cud shall not be eaten

Lev 11:4-7

146   The carcasses of animals with only cloven hooves or only chewing the cud

          shall not be touched or eaten.

               Some Jewish pig farmers seem to ignore this commandment.

Lev 11:8

147  Of fish you may eat only those having fins and scales.

Lev 11:9

148   You shall not eat of anything in the waters that does not have fins and

          scales.

               The “you” in this verse is plural.  So everyone is individually addressed in this commandment. 

Lev 11:10-12

149   You shall detest any carcass not having fins and scales

               The “you in this commandment and the next four are all plural.  Every Jew is being addressed.

               Surprise!  Touching shellfish, eel, shark, swordfish, etc., is a no-no.

Lev 11:11

150    You shall neither touch nor eat any of the fowl named.

               This verse and the next nine name 20 species that are not kosher.

Lev 11:13-19

151   You shall neither touch nor eat winged insects that walk on four legs.

Lev 11:20

152   Except you may eat winged insects that walk on  four legs that have jointed

          legs on top of their feet, including locusts, bald locusts, crickets of every

          kind, and grasshoppers.

Lev 11:21,22

153   You shall become unclean until evening if you touch the carcass of any

          other insect.

               This is the first mention in the Torah of being unclean until (or till) evening.  Therefore, it needs

               some explanation.  If you come in contact with another person or thing, that person or thing also

               becomes unclean till evening.  Being unclean means you have to be isolated from family, home,

               and society.  You are relegated to a certain place with others who are unclean.  After becoming

               clean you must wash your clothes and then offer a sacrifice.

Lev 11:24

154  Anyone carrying any part of their carcass shall wash his clothes and be

         unclean until evening.

Lev 11:25

155  Anyone coming in contact with (the carcass of) a beast without a cloven

         hoof or does not chew the cud shall be unclean.

               The presumption must be that the person is unclean until evening.

Lev 11:26

156   Any one coming in contact with the carcass of a four-legged beast that

         walks on paws shall be unclean until evening.

Lev 11:27

157   Whoever will carry such a carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean

          until evening.

Lev 11:28

158   The weasel, the mouse, the tortoise of any kind, the ferret, the land

          crocodile, the lizard, and the chameleon among the creatures creeping on

          the land shall be unclean to you.

Lev 11:29,30

159   Anyone coming in contact with them in death shall be unclean until the

          evening.

Lev 11:31

160  Any vessel of wood, cloth, skin, or sackcloth with which work would be done

         that comes in contact with one of them in death shall be put in water and be

         unclean till evening.

               The mention of metal, ceramic, etc., vessels are omitted and are therefore excluded from this

               commandment.  To become clean and useful again requires only soaking in plain water.

Lev 11:32

[Next >]

 

[Top]     [Commandments Intro]     [Comparison Intro]

 

My Commandment List

[1 - 80]    [161 - 240]    [241 - 320]    [321 - 400]    [401 - 480]    [481 - 558]

 

Comparison

[Gene. 1:28 to Exod. 22:14]          [Exod. 22:15 to Levi. 5:13]

[Levi. 5:15 to Levi. 14:10]          [Levi. 14:11 to Levi. 19:15]

[Levi. 19:16 to Levi. 22:25]          [Levi. 22:27 to Levi. 25:40]

[Levi. 25:41 to Numb. 18:17]          [Numb. 18:20 to Deut. 12:15]

[Deut. 12:17 to Deut. 16:22]          [Deut. 17:1 to Deut. 22:4]

[Deut. 22:5 to Deut. 24:16]          [Deut. 24:17 to Deut. 32:38]